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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Underground Railroad Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The memorial and monuments in this collection are dedicated to the <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/exhibits/show/commemorating-harriet-tubman/tubman-ugrr/short-history-ugrr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Underground Railroad,</span></a> an organized network of routes and safe houses that assisted freedom seekers [enslaved people] on their journeys northward. The Underground Railroad was part of the larger movement for the abolition of slavery in the United States. The movement to abolish slavery was a complicated political movement that, at its core, was driven by the resistance and activism of enslaved Black people and freedmen and women abolitionists. Manisha Sinha explores the history of American abolition, including the Underground Railroad in<span class="s2"> <a href="https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300227116/slaves-cause" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Slave’s Cause: A History</em> of Abolition</a></span>.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Although Harriet Tubman is the most famous conductor in the Underground Railroad, she is not the subject of the memorials featured in this collection (see <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Harriet Tubman</span></a> for a collection of works specifically dedicated to her life and work). Rather the monuments and memorial featured here, such as Ed Dwight's <em><a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1170" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad</span></a></em>, highlight other prominent conductors, as wells celebrate the fortitude and bravery of the freedom seekers as they made the perilous journey north.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
120 x 120 x 144 in. (304.8 x 304.8 x 365.76 cm.)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad</em> (Detroit, MI )
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Underground Railroad<br />Slavery-- Abolition<br />Slavery-- Emancipation<br />Resistance<br />Midwestern United States<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture
Subject (Object Type)<br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Two gateway pillars (approximately fifteen feet tall), topped with candles symbolizing the “Flame of Freedom,” flank Ed Dwight's memorial to the Underground Railroad. The work, which overlooks the Detroit River, includes a ten-by-twelve-foot sculptural group: eight escaping slaves and an Underground Railroad Conductor, who gazes and points towards Canada. Dwight modeled the conductor after </span><a href="https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/debaptiste-george" target="_blank" rel="noopener">George DeBaptiste</a>, a freeman from Virginia who migrated to Detroit in 1846. DeBaptiste was an active abolitionist, Underground Railroad operative, and leader of the Vigilant Committee of Detroit, a watchdog and legal advocacy group for the black community. </p>
<br />Panels with engravings of quilt squares appear on either side of the figural group. Here, Dwight appears to be referencing one of the most popular myths surrounding the Underground Railroad:<span> “<a href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/who-really-ran-the-underground-railroad/">Freedom Quilts</a>,” objects said to have been created by slaves and hung in windows as coded maps or guideposts for fugitives slaves on the run. </span>The base of the sculpture is embellished with engravings of lanterns resting in window sills.<br /><br />As the historian, Nora Faires has observed of the two gateway pillars: “High on the western pillar is a carving of a “slave tag,” dated 1833. Masters in Charleston, South Carolina, were legally required to purchase such tags or badges for slaves to wear, both as a revenue-raising measure and to keep track of those in the city’s slave population who hired out their own time. The badges were meant, in part, to prevent runaways from blending into the urban slave population, because they would have found it difficult and dangerous to seek work or engage in other business on their own behalf without possessing a tag. Dwight adorned the eastern pillar with a Charleston “free tag,” which the city had required free blacks to wear for most of the 1780s, probably also to help prevent runaways from taking advantage of urban opportunities. Interestingly, the centerpiece of the free tag is a liberty or Phrygian cap, held aloft on a liberty pole, a symbol of the quest for freedom that made an occasional appearance during the era of the American Revolution but would become more common in the United States in the 1790s and after, it having been popularized in the French Revolution.33 The placement of the slave figures between these two badges hints at their liminal state between the strict regulations of slavery and the quest for full liberty" (see b<span>ibliographic citation).</span>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dwight, Ed, 1933-
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dedicated: October 20, 2001
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Detroit 300; International Underground Railroad Monument Collaborative
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Detroit Riverwalk, Detroit, MI 48226, United States (42° 19.584′ N, 83° 2.637′ )
Has Part
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
<strong>Inscription on base:</strong> <br /><br />"Until Emancipation, Detroit and the Detroit River community served as the gateway to freedom for thousands of African American people escaping enslavement. Detroit was one of the largest terminals of the Underground Railroad, a network of abolitionists aiding enslaved people seeking freedom. Detroit's Underground Railroad code name was Midnight. At first, Michigan was a destination for freedom seekers, but Canada became a safer sanctuary after slavery was abolished there in 1834. With passage of the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850, many runaways left their homes in Detroit and crossed the river to Canada to remain free. Some returned after Emancipation in 1863.<br /><br />The successful operation of Detroit's Underground Railroad was due to the effort and cooperation of diverse groups of people, including people of African descent, Whites, and North American Indians. This legacy of freedom is a vital part of Detroit and its history."
<strong>Plaque on the back of the memorial: </strong><br /><br />"International Memorial to the Underground Railroad<br />The Gateway to Freedom<br />Ed Dwight- Sculptor<br />Dedicated October 20, 2001<br /><br />With companion work Tower of Freedom in the Civic Esplande, Windsor, Ontario, Canada<br /><br />A project of the Detroit 300 and the International Underground Railroad Monument Collaborative."
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
120'’ x 120’' x 144'’ (304.8 cm x 304.8 cm x 365.76 cm)
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Bronze
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Nora Faires. "Across the Border to Freedom: The International Underground Railroad Memorial and the Meanings of Migration." <em>Journal of American Ethnic History</em> 32, no. 2 (2013): 38-67. doi:10.5406/jamerethnhist.32.2.0038.
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Wikipedia Commons; Susan Cohn via High on Adventure
abolitionists
anti-slavery
Ed Dwight
George DeBaptiste
Michigan
Midwestern United States
Underground Railroad
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Underground Railroad Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The memorial and monuments in this collection are dedicated to the <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/exhibits/show/commemorating-harriet-tubman/tubman-ugrr/short-history-ugrr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Underground Railroad,</span></a> an organized network of routes and safe houses that assisted freedom seekers [enslaved people] on their journeys northward. The Underground Railroad was part of the larger movement for the abolition of slavery in the United States. The movement to abolish slavery was a complicated political movement that, at its core, was driven by the resistance and activism of enslaved Black people and freedmen and women abolitionists. Manisha Sinha explores the history of American abolition, including the Underground Railroad in<span class="s2"> <a href="https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300227116/slaves-cause" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Slave’s Cause: A History</em> of Abolition</a></span>.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Although Harriet Tubman is the most famous conductor in the Underground Railroad, she is not the subject of the memorials featured in this collection (see <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Harriet Tubman</span></a> for a collection of works specifically dedicated to her life and work). Rather the monuments and memorial featured here, such as Ed Dwight's <em><a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1170" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad</span></a></em>, highlight other prominent conductors, as wells celebrate the fortitude and bravery of the freedom seekers as they made the perilous journey north.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
264''
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Tower of Freedom</em> (Windsor, Ontario)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Underground Railroad<br />Slavery-- Abolition<br />Slavery-- Emancipation<br />Resistance<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture, <br />Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Subject (Object Type)
Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
The Canadian counter-part to Ed Dwight's<a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1170" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <em>Gateway to Freedom</em></a>, <em>Tower of Freedom</em> consists of a twenty-two-foot high granite tower, adorned with a bronze flame symbolizing the “Eternal Flame of Freedom.” Life-size bronze figures stand on opposite sides of the tower’s base. The cluster of four bronze figures facing the river include an African American woman holding an infant and a white woman, often identified as a Quaker “operative.” Behind the women, a man stands with his arms raised in a gesture of praise. On the opposite side of the tower, a singular figure of a woman looks back towards the river and the United States. Despite her age, she clutches a rag doll.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dedicated: October 20, 2001
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Detroit 300; The Underground Railroad Monument Committee of Windsor
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civic Esplanade, 200 Pitt St. E., Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Has Part
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
<strong>Bronze Plaque:</strong> <br /><br />"THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD IN CANDA<br />LE CHEMIN DE FER CLANDESTIN AU CANDA<br /><br />From the early 19th century until the American Civil War, settlements along the Detroit and Niagara rivers were important terminals for the Underground Railroad. White and black abolitionists formed a heroic network dedicated to helping free and enslaved African Americans find freedom from oppression. By 1861, some 30,000 freedom-seekers resided in what is now Ontario, after secretly traveling north from slave states like Kentucky and Virginia. Some returned south after the outbreak of the Civil War, but many remained helping to forge the modern Canadian identity. <br /><br />Du début du XIXe siècle à la guerre de Sécession, des villages le long des rivières Detroit et Niagara servirent de terminus au chemin de fer clandestin. Ce réseau d’ abolitionnistes blancs et noirs aida les Afro-Américains à fuir l’oppression pour atteindre la liberté. Ainsi, en 1861, près de 30 000 réfugies d’ascendance africaine, venant d'États esclavagistes comme le Kentucky et la Virginie, vivaient dans ce qui est aujourd’hui l’Ontario. Des Certains la guerre de Sécession certains repartirent vers le sub, mais beaucoup s’installèrent ici en permanence et contribuèrent à forger l'identité du Canada moderne// Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada Commission des lieux et monuments historiques du Canada"
<strong>Inscription on the river-facing side of the monument: </strong><br /><br />“Keeping the Flame of Freedom Alive”<br /><br />Inscription on the reserve of the monument: <br /><br />“International Underground Railroad Memorial”
<strong>Inscription on base:</strong><br /><br />“UNDERGROUND RAILRAOD AREAS OF SETTLEMENT AMERSTBURG<br />DRESEDEN<br />BUXTON<br />CHATHAM<br />COLCHESTER<br />LITTLE RIVER<br />NEW CANAAN<br />PUCE<br />SANDWICH<br />WINDSOR"
<strong>The second Bronze plaque just in front of the memorial:</strong> <br /><br />"Tower of Freedom By Ed Dwight Dedicated October 20, 2001, With companion work Gateway to Freedom In Hart Plaza, Detroit. A project of Detroit 300 and the Underground Railroad Monument Committee of Windsor."
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Nora Faires. "Across the Border to Freedom: The International Underground Railroad Memorial and the Meanings of Migration." <em>Journal of American Ethnic History</em> 32, no. 2 (2013): 38-67. doi:10.5406/jamerethnhist.32.2.0038.
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Dwight, Ed, 1933-
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
264''
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Bronze; Granite
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Jim Shreve, Flickr; The City of Winsor
abolitionists
anti-slavery
Canada
Ed Dwight
Underground Railroad
-
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/879b5eaaa83b6918da900635fc41b220.jpg
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Underground Railroad Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The memorial and monuments in this collection are dedicated to the <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/exhibits/show/commemorating-harriet-tubman/tubman-ugrr/short-history-ugrr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Underground Railroad,</span></a> an organized network of routes and safe houses that assisted freedom seekers [enslaved people] on their journeys northward. The Underground Railroad was part of the larger movement for the abolition of slavery in the United States. The movement to abolish slavery was a complicated political movement that, at its core, was driven by the resistance and activism of enslaved Black people and freedmen and women abolitionists. Manisha Sinha explores the history of American abolition, including the Underground Railroad in<span class="s2"> <a href="https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300227116/slaves-cause" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Slave’s Cause: A History</em> of Abolition</a></span>.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Although Harriet Tubman is the most famous conductor in the Underground Railroad, she is not the subject of the memorials featured in this collection (see <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Harriet Tubman</span></a> for a collection of works specifically dedicated to her life and work). Rather the monuments and memorial featured here, such as Ed Dwight's <em><a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1170" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad</span></a></em>, highlight other prominent conductors, as wells celebrate the fortitude and bravery of the freedom seekers as they made the perilous journey north.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
360'' (914.4 cm)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Knockin’ On Freedom’s Door</em> (Peoria, IL)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Antislavery movements--United States<br />Fugitive slaves--United States<br />Underground Railroad<br />Slavery-- Abolition<br />American Midwest
Subject (Name)<br />Pettengill, Moses,1802-1883<br />Pettengill, Lucy,1802-1864<br />Lincoln, Abraham, <span>1809-1865</span>
Subject (Object Type) <br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
Preston Jackson‘s monumental bronze and stainless steel <em>Knockin’ on Freedom’s Door</em> is located on the site of the former Pettengill House in Peoria, an important station on the Underground Railroad. The work features multiple bronze sculptural groups within a stainless steel frame. The sculptural grouping includes a male and female freedom seeker, climbing out of a small rowboat as two white members of the Underground Railroad look down upon the pair. The pair of Underground Railroad conductors are presumably Moses and Lucy Pettengill. Moses holds a bucket of water in one hand and a ladle in the other, while Lucy clutches at her chest. At the very top of the sculpture, looking down over the scene is a portrait of Abraham Lincoln in profile.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Jackson, Preston, 1944-
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dedicated: October 24th, 2008
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Peoria Civic Center, 201 SW Jefferson Ave, Peoria, IL 61602, United States
Has Part
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
<strong>First bronze plaque:</strong><br /><br />“Knocking on Freedom's Door”<br /><br />Preston Jackson, Sculptor<br /><br />Dedicated October 24, 2008<br /><br />From the 1840s to 1860s, the Moses and Lucy Pettengill House at the corner of Liberty and Jefferson was a safe house for hunted slaves escaping north along the Underground Railroad to freedom.<br /><br />In 2003, the Peoria Civic Center Authority voted to develop the Pettengill housing location as Peoria's newest historic site. In Dec. 2005, the National Park Service officially named Peoria as the 11th Illinois Underground Railway Network to Freedom Historic Site.<br /><br />Preston Jackson, internationally known African American sculptor and a resident of Peoria, was commissioned to create a public artwork that expressed the drama and raw emotions of slaves’ flight to the north along with the generosity of Pettengills, close friends of Abraham Lincoln.<br /><br />Generous support made this project possible, particularly from:<br />Dr. Norman & Barbara Meyn<br />Caterpillar Foundation<br />National Park Service<br />Turner Construction Company<br />Oberlander Electric<br />
<div class="row">
<div class="column">Advanced Technology Services<br />AmerenCilco//Bill & Helen Barrick<br />Ken & Jody Baum<br />Brewer’s Distrubuting<br />CEFCU/<br />Commerce Bancshares Foundation<br />Dr. Peter & Barbara Court<br />PSA Dewberry<br />Harvey & Stuckel, Chartered<br />HOK Sports Facilities Group</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="column">Illinois Mutual<br />Micro-Pavers, INC.<br />Selma E. Neumiller<br />OSF Saint Francis Medical Center<br />Tom & Debbie Ritschel<br />Ransburg Foundation<br />RLI Insurance Company<br />Gene & Harriet Swager<br />West Central IL Building & Construction Trades Council<br />Ruby K. Warner Family Trust</div>
</div>
<br /><br /><br /></div>
<strong>Second plaque, which includes a relief of the home of Moses and Lucy Pettengill:</strong> <br /><br />“On this site stood the house of Moses and Lucy Pettengill Moses Pettengill [1802-1883] Lucy Pettengill [1802-1864] The house was noted as Peoria's station on the Underground Railway Network from the 1840s to the 1860s. Fleeing slaves were given food and refuge in this home. The Pettengills helped the escaping slaves with their dangerous journey along the Illinois River on their way to Farmington, Lawn Ridge and Princeton. The Pettengills assisted in founding: Illinois State Anti-Slavery Society [Oct 1837] Peoria Anti-Slavery Society [Feb 1844] Illinois State Female Anti-Slavery Society [May 1844] Abraham Lincoln was their intimate friend, and came to the home many times to discuss political affairs with the ardent Whigs. “In my own experience of about fifty years of opposition to intemperance, Secret Societies, and slavery, I have had the blessing of an approving conscience which is far more valuable than gold and silver.” - <br /><br />Moses Pettengill [1879]"
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
360'' (914.4 cm)
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Stainless steel; Cast bronze
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Leslie Renken, "Preston Jackson and Peoria: A mutually beneficial relationship," The Journal Star. Accessed April 15, 2019, <a href="https://www.pjstar.com/entertainmentlife/20180809/preston-jackson-and-peoria-mutually-beneficial-relationship" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.pjstar.com/entertainmentlife/20180809/preston-jackson-and-peoria-mutually-beneficial-relationship</a>
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="%20Chicago-outdoor-sculptures.blogspot.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Public Art in Chicago </a>
abolitionists
anti-slavery
Midwestern United States
Preston Jackson
Underground Railroad
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Underground Railroad Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The memorial and monuments in this collection are dedicated to the <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/exhibits/show/commemorating-harriet-tubman/tubman-ugrr/short-history-ugrr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Underground Railroad,</span></a> an organized network of routes and safe houses that assisted freedom seekers [enslaved people] on their journeys northward. The Underground Railroad was part of the larger movement for the abolition of slavery in the United States. The movement to abolish slavery was a complicated political movement that, at its core, was driven by the resistance and activism of enslaved Black people and freedmen and women abolitionists. Manisha Sinha explores the history of American abolition, including the Underground Railroad in<span class="s2"> <a href="https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300227116/slaves-cause" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Slave’s Cause: A History</em> of Abolition</a></span>.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">Although Harriet Tubman is the most famous conductor in the Underground Railroad, she is not the subject of the memorials featured in this collection (see <a href="https://www.harriettubmanmonuments.slaverymonuments.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Harriet Tubman</span></a> for a collection of works specifically dedicated to her life and work). Rather the monuments and memorial featured here, such as Ed Dwight's <em><a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1170" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad</span></a></em>, highlight other prominent conductors, as wells celebrate the fortitude and bravery of the freedom seekers as they made the perilous journey north.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
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Creator
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Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
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Sculpture
Dublin Core
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Title
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<em>Freedom Crossing Monument</em> (Lewiston, NY)
Creator
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Geissler, Susan, 1953-
Date
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Dedicated: October 14, 2009
Rights Holder
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Renée Ater
Subject
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Subject (Topic)<br />Northeastern United States<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture<br />Underground Railroad
Subject (Name)<br />Tryon, Josiah, 1798-1886<br />Clark, Margaret Goff, 1913-2003
Subject (Object Type) <br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
The monument consists of five bronze sculptures. The subjects are a family of freedom seekers including a father, mother and baby; Lewiston's Underground Railroad Station Master, Josiah Tryon; and the fictional heroine, Laura Eastman, from the <em>Freedom Crossing</em> book. A rowboat is at the center of the composition with teh mother seated in the boat as Tryon hands her the baby. Two figureds stand on rock meant to suggest the banks of the lower Niagara River.
Source
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<a href="http://www.susangeissler.com/freedom_crossing.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Susan Geissler</a>
Contributor
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Historical Association of Lewiston, Inc.; Niagara River Greenway Commission; Town of Lewiston; Village of Lewiston; Lower Niagara River Region Chamber of Commerce; Margaret L. Wendt Foundation; and KeyBank Foundation.
Rights
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Historical Association of Lewiston, Inc., 469 Plain Street, Lewiston, New York, 14092
Relation
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<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLJOH9Uriaw" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Freedom Crossing Monument Unveiling, October 14, 2009</a>
Format
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JPEG
Language
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English
Type
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Visual Arts-Sculpture
Has Part
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<strong>Bronze plaque:</strong><br /><br />A tribute to the enslaved who sought a new life of freedom in Canada and to the local volunteers who helped them on their journey to cross the Niagara River. <br /><br />The Underground Railroad was a secret network of trails and safe homes that enslaved Africian-Americans from the southern United States used to escape to Canada in the 1800's. The British Empire, including Canada, abolished slavery in 1834.<br /><br />Lewiston was one of the final stops on the Underground Railroad and despite breaking the law, many local residents volunteered to help the escapees reach freedom in Canada.<br /><br />This monument depicts the moment in time when fugitive slaves saw Canada for the first time after traveling hundreds of treacherous miles, avoiding slave catchers who were paid to capture and return them to the south.<br /><br />Handing the baby to the fugitive mother is Josiah Tryon (1798-1886) Lewiston's volunteer "Station Master" for the Underground Railroad. A man of simple means, Tyron was quiet, humble and religious. By secretly escorting escaping slaves to freedom in his row boat under the cover of darkness, he gave them hope and became a champion of justice and equality. He truly had a rainbow heart, embracing people of all colors and creeds. <br /><br />With her outstretched arm pointing to Canada, Laura Eastman is the iconic heroine in the historical fiction book, Freedom Crossing, which is read by thousands of elementary students throughout the United States every year. Laura has become a symbol of the triumph of the human spirit over oppression. (Copyright 1986 by Margaret Goff Clark, by permission of Scholastic, Inc.)<br /><br />Historical Association of Lewiston, Inc. <br /><br />Dedicated October 14, 2009
References
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Escape to Freedom: Self-Emancipation
Medium
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Bronze and stone
Bibliographic Citation
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"Freedom Crossing Monument." Niagara Power Project. Accessed September 18, 2018. <a href="http://niagara.nypa.gov/RelicensingGreenwayFunds/HostCommunity/FreedomCrossingMonument.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://niagara.nypa.gov/RelicensingGreenwayFunds/HostCommunity/FreedomCrossingMonument.pdf</a>.
abolitionists
anti-slavery
Josiah Tryon
Laura Eastman
Margaret Goff Clark
Northeastern United States
Susan Geissler
Underground Railroad