1
10
4
-
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/f54bab69a154a38515ba8d3b509ee6af.JPG
c590c83e3d1da53f8acc00ad22d5060b
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/c085a7bea1e9d8663f985cc7eb26816d.JPG
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Transatlantic Slave Trade - Middle Passage Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">This collection focuses on monuments and memorials dedicated to the <a href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Transatlantic Slave Trade </span></a>and the Middle Passage. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, between 10 million and 12 million enslaved Africans were forcibly taken across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. The Middle Passage refers to the Atlantic sea route between Africa and the Americas that was part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Historians believe that between 15 and 25 percent of the enslaved Africans perished aboard the overcrowded, unsanitary slave ships.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The works in this collection address the violence and trauma of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in various ways. Some monuments such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1137" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Ark of Return </em></span></a>include the human figure, while others such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1135" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Middle Passage Monument</em></span></a> use geometric forms (abstraction) to commemorate the victims of the Transatlantic Slave Trade.</span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
144'' (365.76 cm)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Reconciliation Memorial </em>(Richmond, Virginia)<em><br /></em>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Antislavery movements--United States<br />Transatlantic Slave Trade<br />Middle Passage<br /><span>Southeastern</span> United States<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture
Subject (Object Type)<br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
The bronze torsos of two abstracted figures, engaged in a tight embrace, emerge from a rectangular bronze base. Unlike its <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1138" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Liverpudlian</a> counterpart, this work includes the addition of bronze low-relief designs, reflecting images related to the slave trade, including cotton plants, chains, and industrial factories. The work was erected close to Richmond’s <a href="https://www.citylab.com/equity/2015/02/americas-failure-to-preserve-historic-slave-markets/385367/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">former slave market in Shockoe Bottom</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Broadbent, Stephen
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dedicated: March 31, 2007
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
City of Richmond, Virginia; Faith Bebbington (the sculptor who assisted in the production of the finalized sculptures); The initial design work for the sculptures was undertaken by a group of young people in Liverpool, working closely with Garry Morris, the curator of the Liverpool Maritime Museum Slavery Exhibition, and were completed by selected young people from Benin and Richmond.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
East Main Street Richmond, VA 23219, United States
Alternative Title
An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.
<em>Reconciliation Triangle</em>
Has Part
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
<strong>Inscription on base:</strong> <br /><br />"Reconnaissons et pardonnons le passé<br /><br />Célébrons le présent<br /><br />Construisons l'avenir dans<br /><br />la réconciliation et la justice.<br /><br />Acknowledge and forgive the past<br /><br />Embrace the present<br /><br />Shape a future<br /><br />of reconciliation and justice."
<strong>Adjacent plaque:</strong><br /><br />“THE TRIANGLE<br /><br />Liverpool, England The Benin Region of West Africa Richmond, Virginia During the 18th Century, these three places reflected one of the well-known triangles in the trade of enslaved Africans. Men, women, and children were captured in West and Central Africa and transported from Benin and other countries. They were chained, herded, loaded on ships built in England and transported through the unspeakable horrors of the Middle Passage. They were imported and exported in Richmond, Virginia and sold in other American cities. Their forced labor laid the economic foundation of this nation."
Has Version
A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
One other identical version of this work exists in <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1139" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Benin</a>
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
144'' (365.76 cm)
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Bronze
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Stephen Broadbent, "Reconciliation Triangle," <em>Broadbent Studio</em>. Accessed April 11, 2019, <a href="https://broadbent.studio/reconciliation-triangle-casestudy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://broadbent.studio/reconciliation-triangle-casestudy</a>
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Broadbent Studio
Middle Passage
Southeastern United States
Stephen Broadbent
Transatlantic Slave Trade
-
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/0e071fc6bb179bdc0742d77cae6260fb.jpg
f211143598b1628040f818d5bf8d3fdb
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Transatlantic Slave Trade - Middle Passage Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">This collection focuses on monuments and memorials dedicated to the <a href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Transatlantic Slave Trade </span></a>and the Middle Passage. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, between 10 million and 12 million enslaved Africans were forcibly taken across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. The Middle Passage refers to the Atlantic sea route between Africa and the Americas that was part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Historians believe that between 15 and 25 percent of the enslaved Africans perished aboard the overcrowded, unsanitary slave ships.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The works in this collection address the violence and trauma of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in various ways. Some monuments such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1137" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Ark of Return </em></span></a>include the human figure, while others such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1135" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Middle Passage Monument</em></span></a> use geometric forms (abstraction) to commemorate the victims of the Transatlantic Slave Trade.</span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
144'' (365.76 cm)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Reconciliation Memorial </em>(Cotonou, Republic of Benin)<em><br /></em>
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Transatlantic Slave Trade<br />Middle Passage<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture<br />Benin
Subject (Object Type)<br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
The bronze torsos of two abstracted figures, engaged in a tight embrace, emerge from a rectangular bronze base. Unlike its <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1138" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Liverpudlian</a> counterpart, this work includes the addition of bronze low-relief designs, reflecting images related to the slave trade, including cotton plants, chains, and industrial factories.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Broadbent, Stephen
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Republic of Benin Government; Faith Bebbington (the sculptor who assisted in the production of the finalized sculptures); The initial design work for the sculptures was undertaken by a group of young people in Liverpool, working closely with Garry Morris, the curator of the Liverpool Maritime Museum Slavery Exhibition, and were completed by selected young people from Benin and Richmond.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Alternative Title
An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.
<em>Reconciliation Triangle</em>
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2005
Has Part
A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource.
<strong>Inscription on base:</strong><br /><br />"Reconnaissons et pardonnons le passé<br /><br />Célébrons le présent<br /><br />Construisons l'avenir dans<br /><br />la réconciliation et la justice.<br /><br />Acknowledge and forgive the past<br /><br />Embrace the present<br /><br />Shape a future<br /><br />of reconciliation and justice."
Has Version
A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
One other identical version of this work exists in <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/admin/items/show/1140" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Richmond, VA</a>
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
144'' (365.76 cm)
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Bronze
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Stephen Broadbent, "Reconciliation Triangle," <em>Broadbent Studio</em>. Accessed April 11th, 2019, <a href="https://broadbent.studio/reconciliation-triangle-casestudy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://broadbent.studio/reconciliation-triangle-casestudy</a>
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Broadbent Studio
Africa
Benin
Middle Passage
Stephen Broadbent
Transatlantic Slave Trade
-
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/789549985c77d1e79fdecdcf237f5ea2.jpeg
aed3724c500b80e10331cb43aeae141e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Transatlantic Slave Trade - Middle Passage Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">This collection focuses on monuments and memorials dedicated to the <a href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Transatlantic Slave Trade </span></a>and the Middle Passage. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, between 10 million and 12 million enslaved Africans were forcibly taken across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. The Middle Passage refers to the Atlantic sea route between Africa and the Americas that was part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Historians believe that between 15 and 25 percent of the enslaved Africans perished aboard the overcrowded, unsanitary slave ships.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The works in this collection address the violence and trauma of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in various ways. Some monuments such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1137" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Ark of Return </em></span></a>include the human figure, while others such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1135" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Middle Passage Monument</em></span></a> use geometric forms (abstraction) to commemorate the victims of the Transatlantic Slave Trade.</span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>"Ark of Return": The Permanent Memorial at the United Nations in Honour of the Victims of Slavery and the Transatlantic Slave Trade</em> (New York City)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Antislavery movements--United States<br />Transatlantic Slave Trade<br />Middle Passage<br />Northeastern United States<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture
Subject (Object Type) <br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
<em>The Art of Return</em> asks visitors to reflect upon the legacy of the slave trade and the persistent problems of racism and bigotry. The ark includes three principal design elements. <br /><br />According to the artist: <br /><br />“The first element is a three-dimensional map inscribed on the interior of the memorial. This map highlights the African continent at its center and graphically depicts the global scale, complexity and impact of the triangular slave trade in "acknowledgment of the tragedy.<br /><br />The second element is a full-scale human figure lying horizontally in front of a wall inscribed with images of the interior of a slave ship. This is meant to communicate and educate visitors on the physical conditions endured by the millions of African people transported under extreme conditions during the middle passage. The visitors are provided the opportunity to seriously "consider the legacy" of slavery's impact upon humanity. <br /><br />The third element is a triangular reflecting pool which introduces water in a meditative, ritualistic and spiritual manner. Visitors are invited to pour libations or say a prayer in memory of the millions of souls that were lost "lest we forget" this monumental and historic tragedy.”
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Leon, Rodney
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Public Unveiling: March 25, 2015
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
UNESCO, the Permanent Memorial Committee of the United Nations; Member States of the United Nations
Relation
A related resource
To watch a video of the memorial unveiling, click <a href="https://www.un.org/en/events/slaveryremembranceday/memorial.shtml" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here.</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
United Nations Visitors Plaza. 1st Avenue and 46th Street. New York, NY 10017, United States
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Marble
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Rodney Leon, "The Ark of Return,"<em> Rodney Leon Architects.</em> Accessed April 11, 2019, <a href="http://www.rodneyleon.com/the-ark-of-return" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.rodneyleon.com/the-ark-of-return</a>
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Photographs by Renee Ater
anti-slavery
Middle Passage
New York City
Northeastern United States
Rodney Leon
Transatlantic Slave Trade
-
https://slaverymonuments.org/files/original/efb04a8905f4aae7c6858ec2008ce5e0.jpg
eebe7df111f470e0b7db92215c7df5dc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Transatlantic Slave Trade - Middle Passage Monuments
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Renée Ater
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="padding-right: 30%;">
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">This collection focuses on monuments and memorials dedicated to the <a href="https://www.slavevoyages.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2">Transatlantic Slave Trade </span></a>and the Middle Passage. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, between 10 million and 12 million enslaved Africans were forcibly taken across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. The Middle Passage refers to the Atlantic sea route between Africa and the Americas that was part of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Historians believe that between 15 and 25 percent of the enslaved Africans perished aboard the overcrowded, unsanitary slave ships.</span><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s1">The works in this collection address the violence and trauma of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in various ways. Some monuments such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1137" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Ark of Return </em></span></a>include the human figure, while others such as <a href="https://www.slaverymonuments.org/items/show/1135" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span class="s2"><em>The Middle Passage Monument</em></span></a> use geometric forms (abstraction) to commemorate the victims of the Transatlantic Slave Trade.</span></p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Written by Grace Yasumura
Still Image
A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Sculpture
Physical Dimensions
The actual physical size of the original image
144'' x 204'' (365.76 cm x 518.16 cm)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<em>Middle Passage Monument</em> (St. Croix, USVI)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Subject (Topic)<br />Antislavery movements--United States<br />Transatlantic Slave Trade<br />Middle Passage<br />Northeastern United States<br />Public art<br />Public sculpture
Subject (Object Type)<br />Commemorative sculpture
Description
An account of the resource
A twelve‐foot‐high aluminum arch commemorates the thousands of Africans who perished during the transatlantic slave trade. Composed of two halves, which bend towards one another but never touch, the work symbolizes “the need for the past, present, and future to converge in order for cultural identity and pride to be realized.” On July 3, 1999, the Middle Passage Monument was dedicated at New York City’s Riverbank State Park in an elaborate funeral procession and blessing ceremony conducted by a multi-faith group of clergy.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Walsh, Mike, 1948-
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
Dedicated: July 3, 1999
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Homeward Bound Foundation
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
JPEG
Language
A language of the resource
English
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Visual Arts-Sculpture
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Located in the Atlantic Ocean, 427 kilometers (265 miles) east of New York Harbor, New York, United States
Has Version
A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.
Replica dedicated 1999, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Aluminum, 12 × 17 ft
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
144'' x 204'' (365.76 cm x 518.16 cm)
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Aluminum
Bibliographic Citation
A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible.
Renée Ater, "Slavery and Its Memory in Public Monuments,"<em> American Art</em> 2010 24:1, 20-23.
Rights Holder
A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.
Renée Ater
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
<a href="Millenniumarch.wordpress.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Millennium Arch</a>
anti-slavery
Middle Passage
Mike Walsh
The Caribbean
Transatlantic Slave Trade